Wellman Braud
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Wellman Braud | |
|---|---|
| Also known as | Wellman Breaux |
| Born | January 25, 1891 St. James Parish, Louisiana, United States |
| Died | October 29, 1966 (aged 75) Los Angeles, California |
| Genres | Jazz |
| Occupation(s) | Musician, bandleader |
| Instrument(s) | Double bass, trombone, tuba, violin |
| Years active | 1910–1966 |
| Formerly of | Duke Ellington, Jimmie Noone, Wilber Sweatman, Spirits of Rhythm |
Wellman Braud (January 25, 1891 – October 29, 1966) was an American jazz upright bassist.[1][2] His family sometimes spelled their last name "Breaux", pronounced "Bro".[1]
Biography
[edit]Born in St. James Parish, Louisiana, Braud settled in New Orleans, in his early teens.[1] He was playing the violin and the upright bass and leading a trio in venues in the Storyville District before 1910. He moved to Chicago, Illinois in 1917.[1] In 1923, he visited London with the Plantation Orchestra, in which he doubled on bass and trombone. Next, he moved to New York City, where he played with Wilber Sweatman's band before joining Duke Ellington.[1]
It has been observed by Branford Marsalis that Braud was the first to utilize the walking bass style, that has been a mainstay in modern jazz, as opposed to the 'two-beat' pattern the tuba plays in the New Orleans style. His vigorous melodic bass playing, alternately plucking, slapping, and bowing, was an important feature of the early Ellington Orchestra in the 1920s and 1930s. Braud's playing on Ellington's regular radio broadcasts and recordings helped popularize the slap style of string bass playing, as well as encouraging many dance bands of the time to switch from using a tuba to an upright bass. (Like many of his contemporary New Orleans bassists, Braud doubled on tuba, and he recorded with that instrument on some sides with Ellington).
In 1936, Braud co-managed a short-lived Harlem club with Jimmie Noone, and recorded with the group Spirits of Rhythm from 1935 to 1937. He played with other New York bands including those of Kaiser Marshall, Hot Lips Page, and Sidney Bechet, and returned for a while to Ellington in 1944. In 1956, he joined the Kid Ory Band.[1] In the late 1950s, he joined Barbara Dane's trio alongside pianist/cornetist Kenny Whitson, turning down opportunities to return to Duke Ellington's band or tour with Louis Armstrong.[3]
He is a distant relative of the Marsalis brothers on their mother's side.[4]
He died in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 76.[2]
Duke Ellington subsequently paid tribute to Braud, including the composition ‘Portrait of Wellman Braud' on his 1970 album New Orleans Suite.
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Colin Larkin, ed. (1992). The Guinness Who's Who of Jazz (First ed.). Guinness Publishing. p. 58. ISBN 0-85112-580-8.
- ^ a b Goldsby, John (September 1, 2002). The Jazz Bass Book: Technique and Tradition. Backbeat Books. ISBN 9781617132179. Retrieved July 25, 2021 – via Google Books.
- ^ "Home". Barbaradane.net. Retrieved July 25, 2021.
- ^ Gates Jr., Henry Louis (2012). "Full Episode: Musicians Branford Marsalis and Harry Connick, Jr". Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates. Retrieved February 7, 2012.
External links
[edit]
- 1891 births
- 1966 deaths
- Jazz musicians from New Orleans
- African-American jazz musicians
- American jazz double-bassists
- American male double-bassists
- Louisiana Creole people
- Duke Ellington Orchestra members
- Slap bassists (double bass)
- 20th-century American double-bassists
- American male jazz musicians
- Spirits of Rhythm members
- 20th-century American male musicians
- 20th-century Jazz musicians from New Orleans